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I learned that New York's subways are more than a hundred years old. And that to power the subways they had to build to the most productive "Power House" ever made. Also learned that Jesse James did not give what he stole to the poor, he kept it all for himself. Baseball was mainly the result of people having too much time on their hands.

Francis Ouimet

           The invention of golf has been debated forever. But the general knowledge is that it definitely originated in Scotland. Golf didn’t come popular in America until the late 19^th century. And in 1894 the USGA (United States Golf Accusation) was founded because of the increasing popularity of golf in America. Francis Ouimet is one of winners of the U.S. Open, the USGA’s premiere event. Ouimet is one of the few men in history to win this prestigious event. He also did it as an amateur, more people have been on the moon than people that won the Open as an amateur.

            Francis grew up in Brookline, Massachusetts. His father was a French-Canadian immigrant and his mother was also an immigrant from Ireland. His family was working-class and it was unusual for a boy of his background to take up golf. Golf was a game passed down from father to son and played by the wealthy. But Ouimet’s father had no connection to the game. The only reason Francis came to know the game was because his family owned a home on the 17^th hole of The Country Club of Brookline. Francis, being from a family that all pulled their weight got a job as a caddie at The Country Club. Francis soon fell in love with the game and became the best high school golfer in the state. http://www.ouimet.org/about/about-francis.html

            Harry Vardon, an Englishman, was the greatest golfer of the era. He won six British Open Championships, which is a record that still stands today. Growing up Ouimet idolized Vardon and even skipped school while Vardon was in Massachusetts to see him give a clinic in a local sporting goods store. Vardon and another English golfer, Ted Ray who had one the British Open the previous year, made the trip to America in 1913 to win the U.S. Open. The two Englishmen were determined to take to title from the Americas and claim it for England.

            The USGA offered Ouimet a spot into the 1913 U.S. Open because of his victory in the Massachusetts State Amateur Championship. This was an incredible achievement because he was only twenty-years-old and the U.S. Open is the biggest tournament in America, if not the world. That year’s open was also coincidentally being held at the Country Club where Ouimet still lived across the street. The USGA wanted to add a local storyline to hype up the tournament and sell more tickets. After three rounds were played Harry Vardon, Ted Ray, and Francis Ouimet were tied atop the leader board headed into the final round. Ouimet struggled on the front nine and fell behind the leaders, but then made a charge on the back nine. Helped by Vardon and Ray’s stumble to the finish, Ouimet made birdie on seventeen to join the eighteen hole playoff the next day with the two Englishmen. Now just so you can get a feel for how improbable this was, to compare it to football, this would be like having Randolph play the super bowl champions and Randolph force overtime against them. The first fourteen holes saw little lead change with no one player having more than a one-shot-lead at anytime. Ray was the first to lose his nerve, he made double-bogey on fifteen which took him out of the tournament. It was just Ouimet versus Vardon, David versus Goliath. Walking to the 17^th tee box Ouimet had a one-shot-lead, Vardon chose to take a risk to try and gain an edge on Ouimet… This proved costly, Ouimet made birdie and Vardon carded a bogey, a two shot swing! Ouimet would stroll up the eighteenth hole with a comfortable three-shot-lead, and would make par and win the championship. http://bleacherreport.com/articles/82231-francis-ouimet-the-father-of-american-golf

            Ouimet is now considered to be the “father of American golf.” Ouimet was no fluke however, he went on to win 25 more significant tournaments including two U.S. Amateurs. Francis also became the first American captain of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews. This governed the rules of golf throughout the world with the exception of America. He also was in the first class on inductees into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 1974. http://www.worldgolfhalloffame.org/hof/member.php?member=1089 Ouimet never made a dollar from playing golf, he committed his life to running his sporting goods store. Ouimet used his popularity from the Open and his other victories to promote his store. It is believed that without Ouimet beating the Englishmen in the Open golf in America would never have grown into what it is today.

             Harry Vardon, (left) Francis Ouimet, (middle) and Ted Ray (right) shake hands before the playoff.

 

                                         Ouimet and his ten-year-old caddie walk down the fairway.

                                                Ouimet celebrates after his triumphant victory.

                                                           Francis poses for a picture.

                                         The New York Times has Ouimet on the front page.        

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http://golfdashblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Francis-Ouimet.png 

http://jzolkowskiturf.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/ouimet_448x266.jpg 

http://www.allthingsgolf.com/Img/francis_ouimet_1913s.jpg 

http://cdn.bleacherreport.com/images_root/image_pictures/0124/8765/117551-004-d8e666bc_crop_340x234.jpg 

 

Reading question

#8:
The Molly Maguires were a militant organization in the anthracite coal region of Pennsylvania. They attempted to intimidate coal operators with violence and occasionally murder. Most of the violent members were actually agents or spies hired my the mine owners to give the union a bad name.

Francis Ouimet

I have decided to do my research project on Francis Ouiment. Ouimet was born and raised in the Boston area. His father was a French-Canadian immigrant and his mother was an Irish immigrant. The only connection that the family had to the game of golf was that they lived across the street from The Country Club in Brookline Massachusetts. Which was rare because most golfers start playing the game because of a grandfather, father, or brother that is familiar with the game. Ouimet is most famous for beating two of England's most celebrated golfers of the time, Harry Vardon and Ted Ray, in a eighteen hole playoff for the 1913 United States Open Championship.

Faces of America

America has always been a country of immigrants. People from all over the world have flocked to America in search of a better life. Immigrants come to America because of poverty, famine, and political unrest in their own country.

It takes a great deal of bravery to pack up your whole life and move to a totally
different country. Especially when most of the immigrants had no previous exposure to the English language and no guarantee of even getting a job. I am very grateful and prideful to be an American.

Halloween

Halloween is thought to have originated from the Celtics in what is today the United Kingdom. They believed that on October 31st the spirt world and the natural world were the closest together. Because of this the believed that priests could predict the future.
In America Halloween in celebrated with trick-or-treating, scary costumes, haunted houses. It's the one night of the year when anything and everything you do is socially acceptable. In America a quarter of candy sold annually is for Halloween.
http://www.history.com/topics/halloween

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Immigrants

America is a country of immigrants.  This means that all citizens of America can trace their families back and have a least one immigrant ancestor. America is a unique empire compared to other empires, such as the English or the Romans. These empires took over other countries to get their population and had people involuntarily be under their control.  But in America's case people came to America by choice and did so because of the prospect of a better life. The people that did decide to come here must of have been very brave. They would have to leave everything behind them and in some cases people even left their families behind. Why would someone ever take that risk? Because even when they got to America they did not, in most cases, have a job waiting for them. It was a huge risk and I have an enormous amount of respect for anyone that took the risk. I am grateful that Noller great grandfather took the journey with his family from Germany so that his family could have a better life.

By the way, these are not really my own German ancestors.  Their names are Julia and Ben.  That is all we know about them.  That, and they do seem to be someone else's German ancestors.

The Rockefeller foundation

http://www.rockfound.org/
The Rockefeller foundation is at work in three countians, including America. The main goal for the foundation is to globalize other third world countries.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/rockefellers/peopleevents/p_gates.html
Rockefeller hired an advisor to help him with the giving away of his money. Rockefeller would have thousands of letters sent to his office everyday asking for money. He couldn't even go to church without being asked for money. Rockefeller's foundation gives away 170 million dollars every year all in varring causes. Rockefeller pioneered philanthorpy as we know it today.

Frat

I AM FRATTY